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- ID:ED How to edit your DOS files.
- A Quarterdeck Technical Note
- by Bob Perry
-
- Our Technical Support Team has determined that a modification
- of your computer's "boot-up" files is necessary to correct a
- conflict your system has been experiencing. The two "boot-up" files
- used by DOS are the System Configuration File, CONFIG.SYS, and the
- System Startup Batch File, AUTOEXEC.BAT. After the following
- preliminary questions have been answered, you should be able to
- modify these two files following the prescription of our
- technician.
-
- Q.What are the CONFIG.SYS and AUTOEXEC.BAT files?
-
- Both the CONFIG.SYS and AUTOEXEC.BAT files are ASCII text
- files that DOS processes when your system is turned on or
- restarted. They are found in the root directory of your boot
- drive. (For most DOS machines with a hard disk, C:\ is the drive
- designation of the boot drive). CONFIG.SYS allows you to
- configure certain aspects of DOS, such as installing device
- drivers for memory management. AUTOEXEC.BAT is an optional batch
- file (although almost everyone uses it) containing a series of
- DOS commands, which may include the installation of TSR
- (Terminate and Stay Resident) utilities, or configuration and
- enhancement features.
-
- Q.What programs are used to modify the CONFIG.SYS or AUTOEXEC.BAT?
-
- There are three ways to modify a text file like your
- CONFIG.SYS and AUTOEXEC.BAT files.
- 1-Use your word processor.
- 2-Use simple DOS commands.
- 3-Use the EDLIN program in DOS.
-
- Although it is probably much easier to use your own favorite
- word processor, like WordPerfect or DESQview Notepad, to edit your
- system configuration files, simple DOS commands like COPY, TYPE,
- and REN can be used. Also, DOS contains a "line editor" known as
- EDLIN which can be used to create and edit more elaborate text
- files. EDLIN is a bit more cumbersome to use than most word
- processing programs. Hence, it may be faster to learn how your own
- word processor edits a DOS text file (also known as an ASCII file,
- or Nondocument mode) than to use EDLIN.
-
- Q.How can simple DOS commands help modify my files?
-
- Another way to edit your CONFIG.SYS or AUTOEXEC.BAT file is to
- use simple DOS commands. In this example we will assume it is
- necessary to make a change to your CONFIG.SYS file. First, you
- should determine the location of the file. It is usually found in
- the root directory of your hard disk. To be certain it is present
- in the root, change directories to the root and type:
-
- C:\>DIR CONFIG.SYS (and hit Enter)
- You should see a message displayed indicating the size, the date,
- and the time your CONFIG.SYS file was created. like this:
-
- C:\>DIR CONFIG.SYS
-
- Volume in drive C is (your label)
- Directory of C:\
-
- CONFIG SYS 114 12-03-90 11:18a 1 File(s)
- 5746688 bytes free
-
- C:\>
-
- Next, just to be on the safe side, you should make a backup copy of
- your CONFIG.SYS file. This is so that if you need to recall any of
- it's contents it will still be available to you. To do this, use
- the DOS REName command:
-
- C:\>REN CONFIG.SYS CONFIG.OLD.
-
- This will rename your CONFIG.SYS file to CONFIG.OLD. To view the
- contents of your old file, enter:
-
- C:\>TYPE CONFIG.OLD
-
- All the lines in the file will be displayed on the screen.
-
- To create a new CONFIG.SYS file with the changes prescribed by our
- Technical Support specialist, use the DOS COPY CON command, as in
- this example:
-
- C:\>COPY CON CONFIG.SYS
-
- The cursor will move to the next line indicating that it is ready
- for you to create the first line of text in the new CONFIG.SYS
- file. Following the advice of the support specialist, various
- items can be created on this and successive lines. Accurately
- type the information for each line and hit Enter. When all the
- proper lines have been typed, hit Enter once more to move the
- cursor to the line below your new file. Note that the backspace
- key can be used to correct a typing mistake, but you cannot go
- back to a line once you've pressed Enter. At his point type ^Z,
- or your function-6 key (F6) and then Enter. You should see:
-
- ^Z
- "1 File(s) copied"
-
- This confirms your file has been saved to disk. You should use
- the DOS TYPE command to be sure:
-
- C:\>TYPE CONFIG.SYS
-
- Q.How is EDLIN used?
- Another way to edit your files is to use EDLIN. The EDLIN
- program is used from the command line, or DOS prompt. The proper
- syntax is: EDLIN [drive:][path]filename. Note that the drive and
- path are optional. The filename parameter specifies which text
- file you want to edit, if the file does not already exist EDLIN
- will create it. You reference text by its line number, which
- EDLIN displays for convenience. Each line can be a maximum of
- 253 characters, and you may have from 1 to 65,534 lines in a
- file. Once the file is created or loaded, EDLIN displays its
- asterisk prompt (*) and you can begin to enter commands.
-
- EDLIN commands are single characters which may be either upper
- or lower case, and are preceded by one or more line numbers. The
- EDLIN commands you will use to modify your CONFIG.SYS or
- AUTOEXEC.BAT files are:
-
- COMMAND: MEANING:
- -------- --------
- linenumber selects a line of text for editing
- D deletes one or more lines
- E end; saves the file to disk and exits EDLIN
- I inserts new lines
- L lists or displays one or more lines
- Q quit; ends session without saving file
- F3 copies all characters of the old line to the
- new line
-
- For example, if you must edit your CONFIG.SYS file you should
- first make a backup using the DOS REN command:
-
- C:\>REN CONFIG.SYS CONFIG.OLD
-
- Now you can begin to use EDLIN to create a new CONFIG.SYS:
-
- C:\>EDLIN CONFIG.SYS
-
- Edlin will then display: C:\>EDLIN CONFIG.SYS
- End of input file
- *
-
- At EDLIN's asterisk prompt, you should list the contents of your
- CONFIG.SYS file so that the line numbers (followed by colons, ":")
- are displayed. Use the "L" command, as follows:
-
- C:\>EDLIN CONFIG.SYS
- End of input file
- *L
- 1: DEVICE=C:\QEMM\QEMM386.SYS RAM
- 2: device=c:\qemm\loadhi.sys c:\mouse\ktmouse.sys /1
- 3: files=20
- 4: buffers=1
- 5: stacks=0,0
- *
-
- To edit a line you must type the linenumber and hit Enter at the
- asterisk prompt. Let's say your technician has recommended that you
- add the exclusion parameter, X=F000-F7FF, to your QEMM line. You
- only need to type "1" and press Enter to edit line 1. Simply type
- in the new line at the asterisk below the original text. When a
- simple parameter has been recommended by your technician's
- prescription, EDLIN's F3 key is a very convenient way to display
- the entire contents of the original line. F3 is also a good way
- to prevent typographical errors. Then, all you need to do is
- backspace to the correct spot and type in your recommended
- parameter:
-
- C:\>EDLIN CONFIG.SYS
- End of input file
- *L
- 1:*DEVICE=C:\QEMM\QEMM386.SYS RAM
- 2: device=c:\qemm\loadhi.sys c:\mouse\ktmouse.sys /1
- 3: files=20
- 4: buffers=1
- 5: stacks=0,0
- *1
- 1:*DEVICE=C:\QEMM\QEMM386.SYS RAM
- 1: (pressing F3 at this point displays the entire line
- above for your convenience)
- 1:*DEVICE=C:\QEMM\QEMM.SYS X=F000-F7FF RAM
- *
-
- Finally you must type "E" to save your new file to disk and exit
- EDLIN. Here is how this looks on the screen:
-
- C:\>EDLIN CONFIG.SYS
- End of input file
- *L
- 1:*DEVICE=C:\QEMM\QEMM386.SYS RAM
- 2: device=c:\qemm\loadhi.sys c:\mouse\ktmouse.sys /1
- 3: files=20
- 4: buffers=1
- 5: stacks=0,0
- *1
- 1:*DEVICE=C:\QEMM\QEMM386.SYS RAM
- 1:*DEVICE=C:\QEMM\QEMM.SYS X=F000-F7FF RAM
- *E
-
- C:\>
- Use the DOS TYPE command to view the changes you have made:
-
- C:\>TYPE CONFIG.SYS
-
- Q.What have we accomplished?
-
- Three different methods for editing your system's "boot-up"
- files have been described. You should take your choice of the
- method that makes it easiest for you to follow the advice given
- by our technician. For more detailed information on the subject of
- editing DOS text files, consult:
-
- a) the company that sold you your copy of DOS
- b) your Word Processor's documentation regarding ASCII
- or DOS text files
- c) your DOS User Manual's section on the EDLIN utility,
- (which is often Chapter 8 or 10)
- d) The MS DOS Encyclopedia, by Microsoft Press, page 829
- e) DOS Power Tools, by PC Magazine, page 233
- f) The New DOS 4.0, by Christopher, Feigenbaum, Saliga,
- John Wiley & Sons, page 75
- g) MS-DOS Bible, the Waite Group, H.W. Sams & Co, page 95.
- h) DOS The Complete Reference, K. Jamsa, Osborne/McGraw-
- Hill, pages 403-452.
-
- When you edit your CONFIG.SYS or AUTOEXEC.BAT files don't
- forget that you must reboot your computer to have the changes you
- made take effect. While it is not the responsibility of
- Quarterdeck to serve as your DOS tutor, consultant, or to support
- DOS's commands (since DOS is not a Quarterdeck product), this
- technical bulletin is provided with the best interest of trying to
- get you started with useful DOS features. Since you have now
- learned about your CONFIG.SYS and AUTOEXEC.BAT files and how they
- are modified, we are sure you are on your way to becoming more
- proficient in the use of your computer.
-
- Copyright (C) 1991 by Quarterdeck Office Systems
- * * * E N D O F F I L E * * *
-
-
-